American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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Prepare for the American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam with flashcards and multiple choice questions. Each question includes explanations to enhance understanding. Boost your confidence and readiness for the exam!

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What are the characteristics of a first-degree burn?

Redness and blistering
Painful with intact hair
Leathery appearance
Redness confined to the epidermis

The correct answer is: Redness confined to the epidermis

First-degree burns, also known as superficial burns, primarily affect the outer layer of skin, which is the epidermis. The characteristic feature of a first-degree burn is redness that is localized to this layer, indicating the burn is superficial and does not penetrate deeper into the skin. This type of burn can cause pain and discomfort, but it typically does not result in blisters or significant damage to the dermis, the underlying layer of skin. The redness observed is due to increased blood flow to the area as the body responds to the injury. While it can be painful, the damage remains limited to the epidermis without affecting hair follicles, sweat glands, or deeper structures, which is why hair remains intact. Other characteristics mentioned in the incorrect options, such as blistering and a leathery appearance, are associated with more severe burn classifications—second-degree and third-degree burns, respectively. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for accurate assessment and management of burn injuries.