American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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What condition occurs due to poor glycemic control as indicated by a deficiency of chromium?

Diabetes mellitus
Hyperglycemia
Weight gain
Weight loss

The correct answer is: Diabetes mellitus

The condition that occurs due to poor glycemic control and is associated with a deficiency of chromium is diabetes mellitus. Chromium plays a crucial role in the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats and enhances the action of insulin. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating blood glucose levels, and when its effectiveness is compromised due to chromium deficiency, it can lead to impaired glucose metabolism. This impairment can result in higher blood glucose levels, a hallmark of diabetes mellitus. Sustained high levels of glucose in the blood contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance and eventually leading to pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. Therefore, understanding the significance of chromium in glycemic control highlights its importance in preventing diabetes and maintaining overall metabolic health.