American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

What procedure is indicated for treating a pleomorphic adenoma?

1. Total parotidectomy

2. Superficial parotidectomy

3. MRI scan

4. Excisional biopsy

The correct answer is: Superficial parotidectomy

The choice of superficial parotidectomy is indicated for treating a pleomorphic adenoma, particularly when it is located in the superficial lobe of the parotid gland. Pleomorphic adenomas are benign tumors and are the most common type of salivary gland tumor, primarily affecting the parotid gland. During a superficial parotidectomy, the surgeon removes the affected part of the parotid gland while preserving the facial nerve, which is crucial in maintaining facial movement and function. This procedure is effective because it allows for complete excision of the adenoma while minimizing the risk of recurrence and preserving surrounding structures. In contrast, total parotidectomy involves removing the entire gland and is typically reserved for cases where there are multiple tumors or suspected malignancy. MRI scans are used for diagnostic imaging to assess the tumor's characteristics but do not provide therapeutic intervention. An excisional biopsy may be useful for diagnosis but is not the definitive treatment for pleomorphic adenomas, which necessitates complete surgical removal to reduce the risk of recurrence and ensure that the tumor is fully excised.